1. Adult worm in lymphatic filariasis resides in ? Lymphatics
2. Microfilariae in lymphatic filariasis resides in ? Blood
3. Schuffner dot’s are seen in ? Plasmodium vivax
4. Dot’s seen in Plasmodium falciparum ? Maurer dots
5. Stage of falciparum NOT seen in peripheral blood smear ? Schizont
6. Giardia lamblia infestation can lead to ? Malabsorption
7. Infective form of malarial parasite ? Sporozoites
8. Highly specific and sensitive test for diagnosing Kala-azar ? Immunoflourescent antibody test
9. LD bodies are associated with ? Kala-azar
10. MC parasitic infestations in HIV ? Cryptosporodium, Strongyloides
11. Cyclops is a part of life cycle of ? Dracunculiasis
12. Kala-azar is transmitted by ? Sandfly
13. Diphyllobothrum latum causes ? Megaloblastic anemia
14. Q fever is caused by ? Coxiella burnetti
15. Babesiosis is MC transmitted by ? Ticks
16. Most virulent plasmodium species ? Falciparum
17. CLM/Cutaneous larva migrans is associated with ? Ancylostoma brazileinse
18. VLM/Visceral larva migrans is associated with ? Toxocara
19. Visceral leishmaniasis is caused by ? L. donovani
20. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by ? L. tropica
21. DOC for Kala-azar ? Sodium stibgluconate
22. Oral drug for Kala-azar ? Miltefosine
23. Prmastigote form of Leishmania is found in ? GIT of sandfly
24. Sabin Feldman dye test is done for diagnosing ? Toxoplasmma
25. Crescentic macrogametocyte are associated with plasmodium ? Falciparum
26. Definitive host in echinococcoisis ? Dog
27. Napier’s aldehyde test is done for ? Leishmaniasis
28. Cysticercosis is caused by ? Taenia solium
1. Treatment of Zoliinger Ellison syndrome ? Proton pump inhibitors
2. Baclofen is used in ? Spasticity
3. Flumazenil is an antidote for ? Benzodiazepines
4. Dopamine is preferred over dobutamine in treatment of renal shock because of ? Renal vasodilatory effects
5. Therapeutic index of a drug signifies ? Safety
6. Optimal effect is exerted over a narrow range by a drug, i his is known as ? Therapeutic window phenomenon
7. If a constant AMOUNT of drug is excreted, it is known as ? Zero order reaction
8. Drugs causing pulmonary fibrosis ? Buslphan
9. Shortest acting beta blocker ? Esmolol
10. 5HT3 antagonist ? Ondansetron
11. Drug used in acetaminophen toxicity ? N-acetyl cysteine
12. 2 Side effects of spironolactone ? Gyanecomastia, Hyperkalemia
13. DOC for diabetes insipidus ? Demeclocycline
14. Feared complication of metformin ? Lactic acidosis
15. Oral hypoglycaemic agent causing cholestatic jaundice ? Chlorpropamide
16. Effect of insulin on potassium ? Intracellular entry
17. Nevirapine belongs to ? NNRTI
18. Enzyme inhibited by theophylline ? Phospho-di-esterase 4
19. 2 factors which decrease theophylline levels? Smoking, Microsomal enzyme inducer drugs
(rifampin)
20. Side effect of parenteral steroids ? Posterior subcapsular cataract
21. MOA of sulfonamides and trimethoprim ? Inhibits Dihydro Folate Reductase enzyme
22. DOC for MRSA infection ? Vancomycin
23. DOC for pseudomembranous colitis ? Metronidazole
24. DOC for toxoplasmosis and pneumocytis carinii ? Co-trimoxazole
25. Chemoprophylactic agent for rheumatic fever ? Benzathine penicillin
26. DOC for malaria in pregnancy ? Chloroquine
27. DOC for NSAID induced ulcer ? Proton pump inhibitors
28. Anti TB causing retrobulbar neuritis ? Ethambutol
29. Most rapidly acting drug against M. leprae ? Rifampin
30. Anti hypertensive absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy ? ACE inhibitors
31. MOA of allopurinol ? inhibits Xanthine Oxidase
32. Orally taken drug for scabies ? Ivermectin
33. Drugs which lowers lipid levels by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase enzyme ? Statins
34. Mast cell stabilizer drug is ? Cromolyn sodium
35. Antihypertensive agent of choice in pregnant lady ? Methyi-dopa
36. Drug indicated for hyperthyroidism during pregnancy ? Propyl Thiouracil
37. Hemorrhagic cystitis is a complication of ? Cyclophoshphamide
38. To treat methotrexate toxicity, which drug is used ? Folinic acid
39. Retroperitoneal fibrosis is caused by ? Methysergide
40. Monitoring tool for low molecular weight heparin ? Anti Factor Xa
41. Anti-TB drug safer in liver disease ? Ethambutol and streptomycin
42. DOC for cerebral malaria ? Quinine
1. Celsus first listed the 4 cardinal signs ofinflammation? Rubor, tumor, calor&dolor
2. Virchow added 5th sign? Functiolaesa
3. Earliest feature? Alteration in microvasculature
4. Vascular response irrespective of injury? Transient arteriolar vasoconstriction followed bypersistent progressive vasodilation
5. Inflammation? • Visible response to immune reaction• Protective response
6. First microscopic description of inflammation wasgiven by? Julius Cohnheim
7. The most common mechanism of vascular leakageis by formation of endothelial gaps in venules? Due to contraction of endothelial cells
8. Increased O2 consumption by activatedphagocytic WBC? Respiratory burst
9. Transmigration across the endothelium is alsocalled as? Diapedesis
10. Virtual lining of endothelium by White cells iscalled? Pavementing
11. ?-selectin binds to glycoproteins? Glycam -1 and CD 34
12. P-selectin is present in membrane of specificintracytoplasmic endothelial granules? Weibel Palade bodies(VWF is also present)
13. Neutrophils at the site of inflammation are foundwithin? First 6-24 hrs
14. Monocytes predominate at site of inflammation in? 24-48 hrs
15. Chemotactic agents bind to? G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) on surface ofleucocytes
16. Commonest morphological type of pancreatitis? Chronic calcifying pancreatitis
17. Commonest cause of chronic pancreatitis? Alcoholism
18. Protein which prevents intraluminal precipitation of calcium carbonate and deficiency of which predisposes to chronic pancreatitis? Lithostatine
19. Commonest site of origin of carcinoma pancreas? Duct epithelium
20. Commonest site of carcinoma pancreas? Head of pancreas (70%)
21. Commonest cancer associated with migratorythrombophlebitis? Carcinoma pancreas
22. Commonest islet cell tumour is? Beta cell tumour (Insulinoma)
23. Commonest site of gastrinoma other sites? PancreasDuodenum, Peripancreatic region
24. The type of pancreatic tumour associated with gallstones? Delta cell tumour
25. Diabetic microangiopathy is most evident in? Retina
26. Most severely damaged organ in diabetes? Kidney
27. Commonest lesion found in diabetic neuropathy? Symmetric peripheral neuropathy
28. Most important cause of diabetic neuropathy andretinopathy? Accumulation of sorbitol
29. Most important cause of diabetic micro andmicroangiopathy? Advanced Glycosylation End products (AGE)
30. Gasrin is a biochemical marker for? Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor
31. More than 50% of gastrin producing tumors? Are locally invasive or have already metastasizedat the time of diagnosis.
32. Type of tumor associated with migratory,necrotising skin erythema and anaemia? ? - cell tumor (glucagonomas)
33. Pseudomyxomaperitonei is associated with? (1) Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of appendix (2) Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary (3) Pancreatic mucinous malignant tumors
34. Commonest cause of sterile peritonitis? Bile
35. Commonest cause of bacterial peritonitis? Appendicitis
36. Infiltration of epidermis by inflammatory cells isknown as? Exocytosis
37. Hyperplasia of stratum spinosum is referred to as? Acanthosis
38. Abnormal keratinization occurring prematurely incells below stratum granulosum is known as? Dyskeratosis
39. Linear pattern of melanocyte proliferation withinthe epidermal basal layers referred as? Lentiginous hyperplasia
40. Red pink nodular nevus that may be confusedwith hemangioma clinically? Spitz nevus
41. Decapitation secretion? Apocrine glands
42. Goose skin? Contraction of arrectorpilli muscle
43. Most common childhood pigmented lesion? Freckle (epulis)
44. Lentigo? Benign hyperplasia of melanocytes,Do not darken when exposed to light
45. Commonest cutaneous lesions? Fibroepithelial polyps (acrochordons)
46. Miliaria crystalline? Obstruction of sweat duct within stratum corneum
47. Miliariarubra? Obstruction of sweat duct deep within epidermis
48. Dysplastic nevi has? Pebbly surface
49. Potential precursor of malignant melanoma? Dysplastic nevus
50. Nevus confused with melanoma? Blue nevus
51. Melanoma of the eye, arise from melanocytes in? Iris, ciliary body, choroid and pigmented retinalepithelium
52. Most common type of melanoma of the eye? Mixed pattern (Spindle cell and epitheloid)
53. Most common site for Malignant melanoma inwomen? Lower extremity
54. Most common site for Malignant melanoma inmen? Back
55. Most important clinical sign of malignantmelanoma? Change in color in a pigmented lesion
56. Melanoma specific antigen is? HMB 45
57. Histological subtypes of melanoma with badprognosis are? Amelanotic& balloon cell melanoma
58. Important prognostic factor in melanoma is? Vertical spread(Breslow’s staging)
59. Coin like, waxy, flat plaques, tan-dark brown withgranular surface and “stuck on” appearance? Seborrheic keratosis
60. Subacute dermatitis? Nummular dermatitis
61. Deposition of Amyloid occurs in? Extracellular space
62. The most common light chain found in ALprotein of amyloidosis? Lambda light chains(especially lamda VI)
63. AL protein is derived from? Plasma cells (immunocytes)
64. The amyloid associated protein (AA) is a? Non immunoglobulin protein synthesized by liver
65. Most frequent associated condition with reactivesystemic amyloidosis (secondary amyloidosis)? Rheumatoid arthritis
66. The type of amyloid protein in ageing associated(senile cardiac) amyloidosis is? Normal transthyretin
67. Amyloidosis of aging involves? Heart, lungs, pancreas and spleen
68. Clinical manifestations in amyloidosis are due toinvolvement of? Kidney, Heart and GIT
69. ?2 microglobulin (structurally normal) is found inamyloidosis associated with? Dialysis
70. The Beta-2 amyloid protein is found in? Alzheimer’s disease
71. Most common tumor associated with reactivesystemic amyloidosis? Renal cell carcinoma and Hodgkin’s disease
72. Most common cause of death in amyloidosis? Renal amyloidosis
73. Most serious and most common form of organinvolvement in primary amyloidosis? Kidney
74. Amyloid material can be confirmed by? Congo Red staining (apple green birefringenceunder polarizing microscope)
75. In kidney amyloid is deposited? Primarily in glomeruli
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