61. MacConkey agar is which type of media ? Differential
62. Which E. coli is responsible for fever and diarrhea in a child ? EPEC
63. Widal test is which type of reaction ? Agglutination test
64. Drum stick appearance is shown by ? Costridium tetani
65. Human papilloma virus is which type of virus ? DNA
66. Anchovy sauce pus/ chocolate brown pus is clinical feature of which type of abscess ? Amoebic liver abscess
67. MC cause of pneumatocoele ? Staphylococcus aureus
68. Which compound is energy store of a cell ? Adenosine triphosphate
69. Which organism causes Fournier gangrene ? E. coli
70. Which organism causes chronic burrowing ulcer ? Microaerophilic streptococci
71. Gram stain is which type of staining ? Differential
72. What is the purpose of adding Agar to Broth medium ? To make the medium solid
73. Bubonic plague most commonly involves which part of body ? Lymph node
74. Staining done for AFB smear preparation ? Ziehl Neelsen stain
75. Neisseria meningitides is ? Gram negative, diplococcic
76. Lyme disease is caused by ? Borrelia burgdorferi
77. Weil Felix reaction is which type of reaction ? Tube agglutination
78. Vomiting within 4 hours of consumption of milk indicates infection with ? Staphylococcus aureus
79. Method for rapid identification of Candida ? Germ tube method
80. Intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies are seen in which virus ? Measles
81. Mode of sterilization of liquid paraffin ? Hot air oven
82. Infection with which organism will show air crescent sign on chest X-ray ? Aspergillus
83. Calymmatobacterium is Gram ? Negative
84. Epidemic typhus is transmitted by ? Louse
85. Which is the first antibody produced by newborn ? IgM
86. Salmonella which can produce prolonged septicaemia ? Salmonella cholerae suis
87. Tapeworm resides mainly in ? Ileum and jejunum
88. Draughtsman appearance of colonies is suggestive of ? Pneumococcus
89. Leptospirosis is caused by urine of ? Rat
90. MC site of angioedema ? Lips
91. Kerion is caused by ? Fungus
92. Agglutination test for typhoid is performed in which week of infection ? 2nd
93. Intermediate host for rabies ? Dogs
94. Which fungal infection can commonly cause corneal ulcer ? Aspergillus
95. In filariasis, which stage of microfilaria are seen in peripheral blood ? Early adenolymphangitis stage
96. Jarisch Herxheimer/ JH reaction is commonly seen in which stage of syphilis ? Secondary syphilis
97. Myocarditis can be caused by which parasite ? Trichinella spiralis
98. Which organism causes hemolytic uremic syndrome ? E. coli
99. Efficiency of hot air oven is best checked by which bacteria ? Bacillus subtilis
100. Prions are best destroyed by ? Autoclaving at 134 degree
101. Groove sign is seen in ? Lymphogranuloma venerum
102. 10% KOH mount is used for visualizing ? Candida (fungus)
103. Culture media for Corynebacterium diphtheria ? Tellurite media & Loefflers serum slope
104. LJ medium is used for ? Mycobacterium TB
105. Stationary phase of bacterial growth is characterized by ? Sporulation
106. Action of diphtheria toxin ? Inhibition of protein synthesis
107. Type of inclusion bodies in rabies ? Intracytoplasmic (Negri bodies)
108. Cigar bundle appearance is suggestive of ? Mycobacterium leprae
109. Bacteriophage is a ? Virus
110. Intermediate host in echinococcus ? Humans
111. Legionella causes which type of fever ? Pontiac fever
112. Type of motility of proteus ? Swarming
113. Plasmodium malariae preferentially affects which type of RBCs ? Old
114. Rotavirus infection can be treated by ? Saline infusion
115. In a post-influenza patient, secondary bacterial pneumonia is caused by which bacteria ? Staph.aureus
116. Australia antigen is related to ? Hepatitis B virus
117. Hepatitis C virus is a type of ? RNA virus
118. Coxsackie virus causes ? Hand foot mouth disease
119. Diarrhea, nausea and vomiting within 6 hours of food intake is caused by ? Staphylococcus aureus
120. Food poisoning within 6 hours of rice ingestion ? Bacillus cereus
121. Motility of listeria ? Tumbling
122. Most common organism causing infection after splenectomy ? Pneumococcus
123. Microscopic feature of coccidioidomycoses ? Mature spherules in sputum
124. India ink preparation is done to visualize capsule of ? Cryptococcus
125. Ionizing radiation is used for ? Cold sterilization
126. Vibrio cholerae appearance in stained films of mucus flakes ? Fish in stream
127. Test done for listeria ? Anton test
128. Quellung reaction is for detection of capsule of ? Pneumococcus188.
1. Pasteurization (Holder/Flash Method)? Milk
2. Inspissation? E.g. Serum / Egg media Loeffler’s serum slope, L-J medium.
3. MOIST HEAT > C Autoclave? Most culture media, rubber material, gloves linen etc.100
4. FILTRATION? Sera, sugars, Antibiotic solutions. Toxins, Hydatid fluid, purification of water.
5. Ionising radiations E.g. Gamma Rays, X-rays, cosmic rays? Sterilization of disposable items like swabs, plastic syringes, culture plates, cannulae and catheters etc.
6. Non-ionising radiations Infrared and ultraviolet radiations? Rapid mass sterilization of syringes and catheters.
7. Thermocouple? Brown’s tubes, Autoclave tapes
8. Chemical indicator? Brown’s tubes, Autoclave tapes
9. Autoclave Hot air oven? Geobacillus stearothermophilus
10. Ethylene oxide? Nontoxigenic C.tetani
11. Ethylene oxide? Spores B. subtilis
12. Common indicator of faecal pollution of water? Escherichia coli, Streptococcus fecalis and Clostridium perfringens.
13. BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF MILK Viable count? Methylene blue
14. BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF MILK Coliform count? Phosphatase test
15. BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF MILK Chemical tests? Turbidity test
16. Obligate aerobe? Eg. Pseudomonas.
17. Microaerophilic organism? Eg. Campylobacter
18. Obligate anaerobe? Eg. Clostridium tetani
19. Capnophilic bacteria? Require higher level of CO2 Eg. Brucella
20 RCM – Saccharolyticorganisms– Proteolytic? 1) Turn meat pink,2) Turn meat black
21. Swarming prevented byadding? 6% agar, 1:500chloral hydrate, Naazide,alcohol,boric acid.
22. Most intestinal strains? Do not possess K antigens
23. Most common type of ‘K’ Ag? L Type
24. Toxin production controlledby? Plasmids
25. KLEBSIELLA AND PROTEUS Important features of Klebsiella? Nonmotile, capsulated
26. Non lactose fermenting klebsiella? K. ozaenae K. rhinoscleromatis
27. Important features of Proteus? Pleomorphism
28. Reference centre for phage typing of Staphylococci in India? Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi.
lactamase production, controlled by transducible plasmid29. Penicillin resistance in staphylococcus is due to?
30. Vancomycin intermediate S. aureus? Lack of or inaccessibility of certain penicillin – binding proteins due to mecA gene – intrinsic chromosomal mechanism
31. Staphylococcus saprophyticus differs from Staphylococcus epidermidis by resistance to? Novobiocin
32. Nonmotile strains used in Weil Felix test? 0 X 2, 0 X 19 and 0 X K
33. Confirmatory test for Proteus? Production of phenyl pyruvic acid
34. Vibrio cholerae was discovered by? Koch
35. Infundibuliform or Napiform Liquifaction in gelatin stab culture is found in? Vibrio cholera
36. Classical cholera Vibrio is? Voges Proskauer (V-P) negative and non-haemolytic.
37. Cholera toxin is an enterotoxin? It acts through cAMP pathway
38. Selective media for Vibrio cholera? TCBS – thiosulphate, citrate, bile salts and sucrose
39. Cholera vaccine now usedcontains? 8000 millions / ml. of Vibrio cholera composed of equal number of Ogawa and Inaba serotypes
40. Red leg disease in frog is caused by? Aeromonas hydrophila
41. Optimum pH for growth of Vibrio cholera? 8.2
42. Transport media for cholera? (i) VR medium (ii) Alkaline peptone water
43. Which condition predisposes to cholera? Achlorhydria
44. Cholera Vibrio possessboth? Exotoxin & Endotoxin
45. Special high salt blood selective agar used in halophilic Vibrios? Wagatsuma agar
46. Sanarelli-schwartzman reaction is observed in? Experimental cholera
47. CAMPYLOBACTER Selective medium for campylobacter? Skirrow’s medium Butzler’s medium
48. CAMPYLOBACTER Transport medium? Cary Blair medium
49. CAMPYLOBACTER Thermophilic campylobacter? C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lardi
50. Staphylococcal food poisoning begins? 2-6 hour after ingestion. Preformed, heat stable toxin
51. Pathogenic staphylococci are? Coagulase positive & mannitol fermenting
C,52. QUICK FACTS Bence Jones Protein abnormal antibody? Coagulate at 50
C,53. QUICK FACTS Bence Jones Protein abnormal antibody? Redissolve at 70
54. QUICK FACTS Cold antibodies? IgM, complete
55. QUICK FACTS Rheumatoid factor? IgM against IgG (Fc)
56. ADENOVIRUSESPharyngoconjunctivalfever is caused byadenovirus type? 3, 7 & 17
57. ADENOVIRUSESAcute haemorrhagiccystitis is caused byadenovirus types? 11 and 21
58 ADENOVIRUSESDiarrhoea in children iscaused by? Adenovirus types -40, 41
59. Complement? Coined by Ehrlich. Augments (complements) action of antibody. Constitutes 10-15% of total serum globulins.
60. Pathways of activation? Classical
61. Cell wall of fungus have? Chitin & mannose
62. Cytoplasmic membrane of fungi have? Sterols
63. CYTOMEGALOVIRUS/HHV-5 Cytomegalic inclusion diseases?Microcephaly
64.CYTOMEGALOVIRUS/HHV-5 Cytomegalic inclusion diseases?Chorioretinitis
64.CYTOMEGALOVIRUS/HHV-5 Cytomegalic inclusion diseases?Cerebralcalcification
66.CYTOMEGALOVIRUS/HHV-5 Cell line for culture? Human fibroblastcell line
67.ADENOVIRUSESAdenovirus capsid has252 capsomeres? 240 are hexons and12 are pentons
68.ADENOVIRUSESEpidemickeratoconjunctivitis iscaused by? Type 8, 19, 37Adenovirusassociated withcontaminatedophthalmicsolutions and rollertowels
69.ArbovirusesVector of KFD? Haemaphysalis
70.ArbovirusesReservoir host in KFD? Spinigera
71.ArbovirusesAmplifier host in KFD? Small forest
72.ArbovirusesReservoir host in JE? Mammals
73.ArbovirusesAmplifier host in JE? MonkeyHeronsPig
74.Largest viruses belong to? Pox group (300 nm)
75.Smallest virus is? Parvovirus (appro-ximately 20 nm)
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